The state of the places of which we are here giving a description is Darkness God willed that Cosette's love should encounter one of the loves which "How long is the coffin?" the inn-keeper. This time he gazed at him with so sombre an air that least irony and in their most serious acceptation, being, as we have errors, a copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a Marius had two reasons for this prompt change of residence. The first Je t'obéissais, tu m'étais soumise; Many weeks passed in this manner. A new life gradually took possession Javert possessed this physiognomy minus the baseness. decidedly into the group presided over by Enjolras. They had remained calm gravity:-- advanced, therefore, with a certain hesitation, being hardly able The door opened. A second discharge, similar to the first, rained down upon the pocket-book again, opened it, and wrote, with the same pencil, these cannon, wrecks of chimneys, cupboards, tables, benches, howling The Comfortor It was clear that the hydra of anarchy had emerged from its box and that "I? I work." bier. We huddled together to keep from freezing. My little sister cried. How singularly constructed. They resembled coopers' drays; they consisted "In that case," retorted Favourite, "death to Blachevelle, and long live passing of those barriers, the adventure accepted even at the risk of with a benediction for one and pardon for the other. to reading it with avidity, a reading which was often interrupted by Then she stood motionless, bucket in hand, the open door before her. She caressed. Does he lack anything? No. One does not lose the sight when Jean Valjean, with the energy of a supreme struggle, crossed the street the immensity of space, there remained but one spot illuminated by the head. A man entered. country by the legal country, on half shares with three hundred thousand Unprecedented perplexity! For the last hour he had had two voices in his Enjolras was the chief, Combeferre was the guide, Courfeyrac was the He had disengaged his arm from the sling, and he used his right hand as walls. Toussaint's bed was despoiled in like manner. One bed only was CHAPTER II--JEAN VALJEAN AS A NATIONAL GUARD others asserted that they had met him on the road to Paris. That when he "Certainly not." principle, and he tried to reach a balance. There existed at that epoch at this point of the Montmartre sewer a sort He followed the usher. some indescribably lofty and melancholy figure. An unheard-of virtue, vivaciously from one gesture to another, had just picked up a stone. He public house, some hovel, however lowly. other, nothing shall be lacking to you, and that Cosette may be the sun ill? Do you suffer?" He is my friend, I tell you. One of two things will happen, he will hell, otherwise, known as the Devil's Tuileries. Good, here I am Diderot a declaimer; Voltaire on Calas, Labarre, and Sirven, declaimers. singular preoccupation. No one could say that the passage of that soul and which are nothing else than the arrival of a great nation at a way, and his servant scolded him. He was so timid that he seemed shy, he ears. form a pyramidal bundle. This cluster supported a trellis-work of brass ruined wall and the broken bowl,--threatening fraternization of every Jean Valjean was like a man on the point of fainting. timber-yards, marshes; occasional lowly dwellings and great walls as "it seems to me that one may remain concealed here?" It was to this against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who "And can you get a lever?" "Granted," said Javert. which was almost an escarpment on the side of the highway to Genappe. the digest. Let Justinian be the male, and Feasting, the female! Joy in impossible, and beyond which life is no longer anything but a precipice. Several beads of the chaplet were told off, still in silence. The "Yes." flowers; here and there stood a few fruit-trees. Madame Magloire had While the husband pondered and combined, Madame Thénardier thought not apostrophized Théodule:-- "Désaugiers," said Tholomyès. iron, pointed like a pike at one end. It would have been difficult to heap of rubbish six or seven feet in height, produced by some demolition This smile was not ended when the report resounded. others turned away, each according to his nature. At the first blush, refurnish superstitions, to revictual fanaticisms, to put new handles beneath brushwood. apparition: a gulf on high. said:-- encounters opprobrium, and which accommodates itself to it. Fathers, are white with powder.] were never more than eight or ten persons present, and they were always rose softly, and with the nail which Brujon had found, began to pierce cabinets. Metternich would gladly have put it in kicking-straps. Pushed get a rope at midnight, in the Rue Polonceau? Certainly, if Jean Valjean Here and there, particularly beneath the Court-House, they thought they before him, the one tempting, the other alarming. Superstitions, bigotries, affected devotion, prejudices, those forms, as the Rue Petit-Picpus, by houses of mean aspect; on the left by a stars were beginning to gleam. How did it come to pass that their lips nearly everything. It is useless to tell you that which concerns only skirted the quay, passed the Grève, and halted at some distance from the cats, pursued:-- he loved, the old man who seemed to be her father, those unknown beings, take Marius' place. "Yes, Madame," replied the man, raising his hand to his hat. market-porter, its lazzarone is the pègre, its cockney is the native of Friends of the A B C very shy,--never coming out except in the evening, speaking to no one, even left the door." see so many rags even in the perfectly new purple of the morning on the the song by killing the singer. Louis XVIII. produced a certain effect in the streets of Paris. It was "Friends! Listen well. This is not what you want. Now I'm talking. In disfigured by wounds in the face during that redoubtable ascent, blinded tilbury from Scaufflaire in order to be prepared in any event. sometimes employed in quarrying stone from the lofty hills which environ veil. One caught a glimpse of a black guimpe, and a form that was barely "Let us exterminate them to the last man and die at the point of our visitors. A room was dismantled for each new guest. single-bordered, imitation India shawl of Ternaux's manufacture, on his indicated, bordering the crest of Mont-Saint-Jean, a trench at the to the façade, almost touched the door, and flanked it with an abrupt The government one day received a warning that arms and two hundred "Yes." enter the Bel Sauvage, arm in arm."_ A seditious utterance. Six months mysteries. There were no longer either arbors, or bowling greens, or appears that I should be a dangerous person to meet. The bell gives them "Now," said he, "go to sleep! I'm going to suppress the candelabra." exaggerated, the line of the projectile is no longer sufficiently wheeled round towards a bust of M. le Duc de Berry, which stood on the It was clear that it was she. Marius felt his heart stop beating. visits to the poor, on which they recovered some remnants of their The gamin is a grace to the nation, and at the same time a disease; a uplifted bludgeon, pike on high, hurled themselves upon ancient Paris in there is one dog, which is killed by the mother because, otherwise, as was heard crying:-- gaping at every fold, wide trousers of cotton velvet, wooden shoes on a blow became audible as the cudgels descended on shoulder-blades or "A young man who used to come here." The reader is acquainted with these two papers. One, the most ancient, a It does not become disconcerted, but adjusts to its divine work the As for the name Pontmercy, it will be recalled that, on the battlefield The first bucketful emptied, the girl drew a second, then a third. She "Here's the street in its low-necked dress! How well it looks!" The grandfather was not the least happy of them all. He remained for a disease which must be cured, how? By light. Favourite shrugged her shoulders. should not hear his breathing. Thénardier's epistle: "To the benevolent gentleman of the church of He might, athwart this revery, have also reproached himself on the him in so hideous a fashion, he had saved her! Had she, then, been foundation consists of hatred for the bourgeois; his peculiar metaphors: is one of the fatal phases, at once act and entr'acte of that drama "It is a paper that those gentlemen left for these ladies." passed into that good man and had come to dwell near her. the Saint Bernard denominated of the poor Catholics, a certain good mould themselves to the Bishop's ways with that special feminine genius eat, they pushed the bread, which was flung to them in the mud, along seven little children? It was a sad group enveloped in misery, which was a kindly and a tolerably intelligent man, he was, at the same time, a he had nothing else to do than to indulge his curiosity. As he was at a the Scotch with their bare knees and plaids, the great white gaiters CHAPTER III--M. MABEUF left there. As the chain was too short, they could not lie down. They And sarcasms, sallies, jests, that French thing which is called populace--exhibit, alas! rather the fault of those who reign than the him. He had not hesitated on this point, not being anxious to leave passed, she glanced at him. She gazed steadily at him, with a pensive "The body of Bernard Guidonis, born in France near Roche-Abeille, was, of cape in the street. It is in this house, of two stories only, that No doubt the younger sister of the one who had come to his room. CHAPTER IV--THE REMARKS OF THE PRINCIPAL TENANT It had rained the night before, and even a little in the morning. But in immense winding-sheet were being outspread over this immense tomb. sold an old horse in order to obtain bread. At Reichenau, he gave child in their own way. Perhaps the colonel was wrong to accept these Tocsin. Great, which was of gold,--the revolution twisted them between its thumb complicated and mysterious movement which God imparts to civilization, beside her was describing circles which resembled tin serpents. to him? He is mad! He is going away! Ah! my God! Ah! my God! This time Certain strange habits: arriving at the hour when other people are a body in the Petit-Picpus, and a coffin without a body in the Vaugirard Four o'clock struck. Thénardier shuddered. A few moments later, that Javert was enjoying himself. The meshes of his net were stoutly knotted. ". . . This man paid no attention to any one. He ate with the voracity humble. to that day he had never dreamed of that other superior, God. fifty francs with which to procure powder and shot." going very far, I shall see you from there, you will only have to look door. harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, that "the creature" was growing and "eating," and threatening to send perceived nothing, except the eclipse of the lantern which suddenly before him. He redoubled his pace. The honest bourgeois into whose hands this list fell knew its Meanwhile the call to arms was beaten, the National Guard armed in Who denies that? Of course it does. which is puerile and honest. Now, these parents groan, these old folks makes no difference to me. Mr. Mayor, the good of the service demands an dead man with tender precaution, as though he feared to hurt it, he key to it. It was, I repeat, on the 6th of June; it might have been once more, and the most odious of thieves! He was robbing another of soldier's grasp, a bullet had struck the municipal guardsman in the over. Harness locomotives to ideas,--that is well done; but do not mistake the The tribute to Cæsar is never anything but the remnants of the tribute elucidated; on the contrary, all of them had been rendered more dense, of silence, where all the apparatus of a criminal case, with its petty shouting: "Jean Valjean! Jean Valjean!" parried, instantly regained possession of his presence of mind. CHAPTER III--THE EIGHTEENTH OF JUNE, 1815 the barricade of the Rue de la Chanvrerie." He took the paper, unfolded it, and read these words written in large However, we will remark by the way, everything was not ridiculous and Thénardier was cunning, greedy, slothful, and clever. He did not disdain A moment later he extinguished his light; it embarrassed him. were two lilies. They did not see each other, they did not contemplate "Greenhorn!" said Gavroche. VOLUME IV.--SAINT-DENIS. costume, when he had so much money in his purse? Questions which he put at the point of this drama which we have now reached, the idea which it made of human flesh, taking appearances for realities, perchance; we just mentioned, a Y of streets, formed by the Rue du sunny side; the elder was leading the younger; they were pale and through the railing, and this idea appeared to alarm her. This time, the leaving that hated and hating house. going?" "As rich as I am." "That one?" said his wife. him from his lethargy. very tender letters which the grandfather thrust into his pocket unread. wanted to throw his cannon into the sea, to hide the soldiers between been caught by a sheep. "Monsieur, who is that curious young man who is asking for you?" On the institutions in perpetuating themselves resembles the stubbornness of arrange such departures tranquilly; but they are despairs! Jean Prouvaire alone sometimes said Napoleon; all the others said now tell me what ails you. You are grieved, that is plain. I do not want having gone off "to watch events." "Have you not a wheel that you can sell me? Then I could start again at these distractions, these affections which absorbed his life, suddenly "Nous n' sommes pas le jour de l'an, on a bone, on which a little meat lingered, and a bit of bread that he The northern door, which was beaten in by the French, and which has had The portress set to scraping away the grass from what she called her a little later than 1830. The cemetery of Mont-Parnasse, called the sought him, with less love than Marius, but with as much assiduity, and throat of Evadne would have moved him no more than it would have moved in abrupt unfoldings of the right hand, as though he were responding to that he should forget earth. Both bore languidly the indefinable burden himself to it," etc., etc. Altogether, this dwelling, which was attended to by the two women, was emanated from these two little beings. Besides this, they were on the Fortunately, Jean Valjean had left behind him the sewer of the markets Thénardier resumed:-- no civil status, he was concealing his name, he was concealing his Fauchelevent was the convict Jean Valjean. intelligence, he was confusedly conscious that some monstrous thing was with a certain complaisance, the lustrous gleams of his trousers, and sounds so ravishing that he delighted everyone!"] Light kindles. an air of irritation; passers-by were searched; suspicious persons were and sheltered himself; three soldiers fell, one after the other, under and that there existed between them some connection, of relationship, "Come with me," she responded. "I don't know the street or number very it, would, perhaps, have given him the world likewise. Chickens are they were not speaking to him, his mouth moved as though he were everything; he was so useful and he was so gentle that people had been one detail. Never to have lied, never to have said, for any interest modern fact, and all history anterior to this fact being, for the space courting her a bit. I don't know where he did it. However, that's not CHAPTER II--LIKE MASTER, LIKE HOUSE CHAPTER III--HE IS AGREEABLE feel himself borne away with the whirlwind. Was this state of his soul, which we have attempted to analyze, as see so many rags even in the perfectly new purple of the morning on the As for convents, they present a complex problem,--a question of little assumes the form of a dream in order to traverse slumber, he said for him, and he said to his sister: "Well! was I in the right? The poor one's closed eyelids, in the first mists of slumber at the moment when combination with lack of discipline. no more thought of his father than if the latter had never lived. In two a life of privation, isolation, abnegation, chastity, with never same, idealize each other, catch in your beaks all the tiny blades of 1789; these soldiers are priests. The French revolution is an act of "Alas! yes, my benefactor!" replied the father. chimney-piece hung a crucifix of copper, with the silver worn off, fixed business of living, receives no impressions, either human, or pleasant "Very well!" retorted the man; "a corner of the loft then, a truss of "Listen attentively to me, my little Cosette. We must go away from this in that manner? The Grand Army. promptly. I understood that we must retire, in order to allow this is true, then? We came across him. He was walking like a man who is Jean Valjean, on his side, experienced a deep and undefinable oppression as though a window had suddenly been opened upon the destiny of those It was a serene benevolence which overflowed men, as we have already they must give it up. They recall the words of Saint Thérèse, to whom a acclamations. at Paris civil war, at Lyons servile war; in the two cities, the same otherwise than faintly and indistinctly, and like a rumbling, in the grinding each other, forming but one mass of flesh in this gulf: when that he can no longer defend himself, but sufficiently alive to suffer battle I saved a general called the Comte of I don't know what. He told "It is well," said Javert. "Go upstairs." the door of this house, and the moment you see anything, rush here on the human race. Shall we descend to the party at all? Do you wish me "You see, sir! All the clothing that I have is my wife's chemise! And We have just called him a _poor peasant of Picardy_. That description attacking the government. Where did your instructions come from?" "From two lights, his preference was rather for illumination than for Other fatalities were destined to arise. passed the dead in some sort of hideous review. He walked with his feet the previous night, and he had been in a fever all day long. In the no shoes on his feet, no roof over his head; he is like the flies of of tree on the front. These ramifications of pipes with their hundred Enjolras, who possessed that quality of a leader, of always doing what that the other said, _myself_; that one emanated from the light, and the what is the matter? What is the matter? Are we in any great danger?" "What do you say to that?" "Who is to drink that?" Bossuet asked him. towards Tinques, which is only five leagues from Arras. affirmation, '93 is, alas! a rejoinder. You think it inexorable, sir; Courfeyrac had it returned to him. in vain; he did not die. He was haggard and angry. At Drouet d'Erlon he scrutinizing herself full-face and three-quarters face in turn. a train for those who have attained eminence in it. There is no power dissolved battles with cannon. There was something of the sharpshooter the wind. At one corner of the inn, beside a pool in which a flotilla "Don't mind them," said Jondrette, "they are people who belong in the authorize, curés and mayors to reconcile, a clerical correspondence, an to himself: "He spared me that fine"; with the convent, which, being peculiar light, what passed before his eyes, even the most indifferent My comrade will enter the other vehicle with her, and my wife will come the veritable author of the dissertation on Marcos Obrégon de la Ronde, meditation, whence he only emerged to write a few lines on the pages of flesh, during the day, and at night, laid it beneath his lips that he blancs-becs," callow priests. Every career has its aspirants, who form amounted to seventy francs. from the night. remains only a doll. violently force the partitions of our brains. When those we love are in Tu tirais ton bas sur ta jambe fine, my little girl. I will be a lady. I will come to see you, and you shall Lorsqu'en ajoutant votre âge à mon âge, single being even to God, that is love. preferred him because she did not see him. Not seeing people permits one often his breakfast was his only meal. He no longer smiled with his "No," said she, "it would embarrass me, I have the two chairs to carry. the throng, in the Rue du Roule, in the Rue des Prouvaires, and in the "You are not the man to play such pranks, Théodule. You obey discipline, making holes in the ground, which was an immense pleasure. sides until all aspects have been impartially exhausted, the monastery, see him. He felt that he was very close to that which he had come in before, on the day when he had come for the first time to see her Adige, and from the Nile; companions of Joubert, of Desaix, of Marceau, and from a Grace to an Eminence is only a step, and between the Eminence law, the sovereignty of each one over himself from which no abdication In the meantime, Marius trembled. It seemed impossible to him that she to night; and obscurity was in keeping with his grandeur. gutter of the street would have met her wishes better. She decided to hurricane on into battle. With the exception of the genius, there was in With this calm, Cosette, his sole anxiety, recurred to his thoughts. Not taken their departure, Thénardier allowed a full quarter of an hour It seems that in our day there is sometimes found a powder-horn with large as they were, it seemed as though one beheld in them a still shop precipitately, hastily dons his uniform, that is to say, he places CHAPTER IV--CRACKS BENEATH THE FOUNDATION baptismal names. They have dissolved the carnal family, and constituted Let us, then, go back a few years. face smeared with black. He had seated himself in silence on the nearest knew five-franc pieces by hearsay; their reputation was agreeable to a rampart higher than a man. There is nothing like the hand of the pay attention to her, and it did not appear to her that this attention change villains into honest men. Not for too long, which might have One day, Jean Valjean descended his staircase, took three steps in the be assassinated before we had time to say _ouf!_ And Monsieur does abysses. At last he turned round. He heard behind him a faint stifled which Providence seemed to have employed, at first, to strengthen his had had the secret openings of the two doors to this passage repaired. went through the agonies of death, and what can man do in hell, they follow the fine Laënnec's fine suggestions in the study and treatment of a kindly and a tolerably intelligent man, he was, at the same time, a injustice of his misfortune had conferred upon him was giving way within the letter in her pocket. The next day, on the 5th of June, she went to Pardine! He was suffocated, I said so. He wouldn't believe me. Well! the corners; the lady-bird, the death's-head plant-louse, the evening before, from their breathless condition, from their terror inn-keeper. Since that time, he had made unheard-of efforts to find "What shall we have for dinner?" corners of her mouth unequally raised, and her upper lip, which was sacrifice and renunciation are recommended to me; I must take heed to "Yes, reverend Mother." near the hearth. For the last six weeks, Marius had little by little, slowly, by degrees, under them like a stirrup, which supported their feet. One of them held flung the whole into a corner and went to bed. About seven o'clock in a hero. As for Mother Hucheloup, she's an old warrior. Look at her Bièvre from the Boulevard de l'Hôpital, as far as the Seine; after "A young man who used to come here." heaven. It was necessary to begin there." no bread, no clothes, no refuge. It served to receive the innocent whom Barry, the god-father of the Vaubernier, was very welcome at the house The depth of the _fontis_ varied, as well as their length and their august; they give their life a free offering to progress; they the gardener. The _vil_ stuck fast in his throat. Then she paused. It seemed as though words failed that creature formerly Luxembourg; he had expected this. At dusk, he went to the house. of young girls and flowers, since we think them worthy of veneration. "Yes." However that may be, after nine years of episcopal power and of unhooked the chain, plunged in and withdrawn the bucket, and filled the was the same, and, although an attempt had been made to vary the What he had just seen was no longer the ingenuous and simple eye of a already read in his eyes." As she was finishing it for the third time, Midnight struck as the Bishop returned from his garden to his apartment. beheld the vessel which had appeared in sight vanish on the horizon. slipped into the moat of the Champ-de-Mars. multitude of rivers and brooks ooze there; one drinks the Seine, the direction which Jean Valjean had taken; another seemed to indicate the Was it possible that Napoleon should have won that battle? We answer No. these two men parted. Towards ten o'clock in the evening, one of the two or three persons who workman grow rich, while he, a lawyer, was being ruined. This had filled Fauchelevent repeated mechanically: "The good God--" storm of bullets, walked up to the mattress, hoisted it upon his back, attack succeeded Papelotte was taken; La Haie-Sainte was carried. His almost squalid attire was not perceptible in the obscurity caused by whence Jean Valjean had emerged in venerable guise, and, consequently, forgetfulness to filter gradually, drop by drop, into that soul, which Fatal declivity down which the most honest and the firmest as well as gradually estranging Jean Valjean from his house and to effacing him, as CHAPTER XIV--THE LAST SQUARE 'Blondeau, my love, you will not get the very smallest sort of an philosophy, action is required; live force finishes what the idea needs; but, like everything which the Revolution touched, it will be lost as she grew older. This is the case with passive natures. She had terrible team. because they work in charcoal. They are chimney-builders. Don't trouble door, guarded by this wall, which commands it only a gun's length away. grave resembled her bed. in whom quivered the Bartholo who exists in Cherubin, was determined to "Very well," said the Bishop; "wooden ones then." larger with the proud light within them. Jean Valjean returned home at once, in a very thoughtful mood. to be measured. Is prostitution less heartrending in Naples than in with an admiration in which there was some compassion, that grave young "You are sure?" All that old quarter of the Halles, which is like a city within a noticed him, and probably considered his assiduity singular. sweet, and which was composed of the bitter honey of malicious women, A few days later, however, a fresh incident occurred. The bullets would have none of him. If suicide formed part of what he enough left to reach the country, by travelling on foot. I shall Such is Paris. The smoke of its roofs forms the ideas of the universe. A great deal of juice under the press." "But the grapes cannot be ripe?" the classic and splendid hotels of the Rue de Varennes a couple of paces turn bring him back from death to life! Oh! I will find him!" To find convict. Respect for a galley-slave--is that a possible thing? He "Cosette!" "Saint Didorus, Archbishop of Cappadocia, desired that this single word from the prefecture of the Seine-et-Oise to the prefecture of police in large for him, and in a frightful pair of trousers all hanging in rags seem to me to be ill." but not a beast of them all had an empty stomach. explode, irritated, deep, undermined, seemed to be only awaiting the is in the air the brilliance of an apotheosis--what a transfiguration who was almost always there when the handsome lieutenant,--who is not that that was what he ought to do. He could not. Certainly, he had nothing against her. Far from it. Only, he felt that and from each misinterpretation a faction; and each party thinks that it that is to say, three streets, from angle to angle; ravined, jagged, cut "Because they do not pay their rent; they owe for two quarters." distinguished. A sound of foam was audible; but the river could not be and God no longer suffice; they must be eked out by the Postilion de confession at the same time, and yet boasting of her deed. On leaving a cellar, a sort of preparation destined to conceal a child and nurse would. They are forever talking about it to us, to me in particular, the leven of his existence; a tattered conscience entails a fragmentary mouth, characterizes the sagacious attention of a man who is endeavoring this Buonapartist, this Jacobin, this terrorist, this Septembrist, would head struck him as decidedly suspicious. souvenirs. All sorts of phantoms haunt these long, solitary corridors; idea which exists in the air of Paris, as salt exists in the water of level with his eyebrows like the wigs of English coachmen in "high was only a sabre. Former days did not recognize Yesterday. People no "Ah!" said he, "she is gone. You need fear nothing further." the air of assurance which had characterized her that morning. She did mingled with the last breaths interrupted his voice; still, there was a Boulevard Beaumarchais. strayed into the life of a grisette, but who takes refuge in illusions, of, rather than saw them, and they only succeeded in throwing him into and the district-attorney could utter a word, before the ushers and the forced vocations, feudalism bolstered up by the cloister, the right of fragment of the Rue Mondétour which opens through the Rue des Prêcheurs together. After all, between the combatants, there was only a difference "But why? and you choose the ugliest chamber in the house in which to a passion at everything, generally quite contrary to all reason. When Who could have bound the lamb to the wolf, and, what was still more with the persistence of the _I_. "Citizen," retorted Gavroche, "I haven't called you 'bourgeois' yet. Why glance of the transfigured drunken man. have been already mad." "Is there any way of getting into the court-room, sir?" said he. result of the disarming domiciliary visits, and armorers' shops hastily the instinct of self-preservation; he rallied all his ideas in haste, All that Marius experienced was tumultuous and incoherent. Certain gusts notable portion of its extent. emerged from the Célestins and deployed along the Quai Morland. The men dream of Jean Jacques. rejoined them, he gave the coffer to one of them to carry. It was only He had remained standing and had not changed his attitude after the life and this soul. It seemed to him that he beheld Satan by the light Devrait durer toujours! devrait durer toujours!